Improving Ambient Solar Wind Modeling and Prediction

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles that constantly emanates from the Sun into our solar system, reaching speeds of up to 800 km/s. The interaction of the solar wind with Earth`s magnetosphere continually leads to increased geomagnetic activity. In addition to the beautiful northern lights, geomagnetic storms can have severe consequences for our modern civilization. Technological infrastructure on the surface and in orbit such as power grids, air traffic, GPS, and radio communication are affected. Knowledge of the structure of the solar wind is therefore critical for successful space research. In this project, we will study the question of how we can accurately model the large-scale structure of the solar wind in our solar system. Here we will develop new approaches to improve the boundary conditions of state-of-the-art solar wind codes. To validate and quantify our progress, we will focus on the comparison of model solutions with solar wind measurements from current space missions such as BepiColombo and Solar Orbiter. This project will provide a better understanding of the sources of the solar wind flow, give insight into the physical condition of the solar wind in our solar system, and improve the boundary conditions of large-scale solar wind models. This research project is led by Dr. Martin A. Reiss at the Space Research Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.